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Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment
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Attachment Style and Intimacy Deficits in Sexual Offenders: A Theoretical Framework

Tony Ward

Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand

Stephen M. Hudson

Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand

William L. Marshall

Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

Richard Siegert

Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand

In the past few decades a number of theories have been developed to further our understanding of various aspects of sexual offending. Recent work has focused on the relationship between early interpersonal experiences and the presence of intimacy deficits in sexual offenders. The present paper develops a comprehensive attachment model of intimacy deficits in sexual offenders by drawing extensively upon the burgeoning interface between the attachment literature and social cognition research. In particular, the concept of an internal working model, as developed by Bowlby, is introduced as a bridge between early attachment experience and adult intimacy problems. It is suggested that a comprehensive model of intimacy deficits in relation to the sexual offender must pay attention to attachment style, the internal working model, and current behavioral strategies for gaining or avoiding intimacy. The clinical and research implications of this model are presented and discussed.

Key Words: attachment theory • bonding • sexual offending • social skills.

Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, Vol. 7, No. 4, 317-335 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/107906329500700407
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